Abstract
This research is part of the last study Drugs and School IX developed in the Basque Country (Spain) by the Instituto Deusto de Drogodependencias (Deusto Institute of Drug Addiction) of the University of Deusto (The study had the support of the Public Health and Addictions Directorate of the Deputy Health Ministry from the Health Department of the Basque Country.) and the data gathered by means of cluster sampling in two stages. The sample is made up of N = 6,007 girls and boys ranging from 12 to 22 years of age in secondary education, and the aims, on the basis of those parameters, are as follows: (1) describe the reality of drug consumption and some psychosocial variables in this sample, as well as analyze several relations between variables; (2) analyze the role of school well-being (SWB), self-esteem, and self-concept regarding consumption; (3) take a close look at the moderating role of age and gender on the relationship of school well-being, self-concept, and self-esteem with consumption; and (4) understand the existing interaction between all these variables, by studying the moderating role of self-esteem and self-concept in the influence of school well-being on consumption. With the use of a correlation, hierarchical regression, and mediation analysis with SPSS (v. 26) and Amos (v. 26) applications, three main conclusions were reached. Firstly, educational and academic well-being, academic self-concept, and self-esteem seem to play the role of protecting factors in adolescence, whereas assertiveness is linked to a higher consumption level. Secondly, academic self-concept has a mediating effect between well-being and consumption. Some of these relations are moderated by the variables of gender and age. Thirdly, age and gender are very relevant sociodemographic variables that must be taken into account in order to understand this phenomenon. Age has shown its covariant effect, which is especially relevant in the influence of academic well-being measured as being held back years. It has also proved to be important in order to understand its experiential or experimental and transitory character. Moreover, significant differences in consumptions have been found based on gender.
Highlights
IntroductionRisk conducts put at risk the well-being or the health of the person who engages in them or those in their surroundings
As their name suggests, risk conducts put at risk the well-being or the health of the person who engages in them or those in their surroundings
We have found studies on well-being in general, on school well-being, on educational well-being, on psychological well-being, on self-concept, and on self-esteem, all of them in relation to drug abuse
Summary
Risk conducts put at risk the well-being or the health of the person who engages in them or those in their surroundings. Adolescence is a complex period and, propitious for these kinds of conducts to arise (Skogen et al, 2019). Despite the social alarm they generate, in most cases, their appearance during this period is linked to experimenting and, in the same way they appear, they disappear (Sánchez-Sosa et al, 2014; Batllori, 2016; Tena-Suck et al, 2018). The consumption of substances has decreased among the adolescent population in recent years in both Europe and Spain (ESPAD Group, 2016; Golpe et al, 2017) it is relevant to highlight some data. Tobacco, and cannabis remain the most widely used substances and those most socially accepted.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
