Abstract
To identify school community readiness to adopt a school-based adolescent nutrition intervention. Cross-sectional study: mixed-methods design. The community readiness model was used to guide instrument development and qualitative analysis. Quantitative data are presented using descriptive statistics. Each statement was rated on a seven-point Likert scale, thereby producing scores between 1 (strongly disagree) and 7 (strongly agree). Ten of the twenty current public secondary schools in Bogor, Indonesia. Ninety teachers and ten school principals. Eating behaviour problem awareness was present among all participants; awareness of efforts to improve eating habits was also present, but these efforts were perceived as having low efficacy; support from the City Education Authority and Health Authority was present, but the support type did not match the perceived needs; nutrition education had not been implemented across the entire school community due to competing priorities; existing nutrition policies did not provide concrete scenarios and clear guidelines for nutrition-friendly schools; the availability and accessibility of healthy foods at schools were considered to be key factors in improved adolescent nutrition; positive attitudes existed among respondents towards the implementation of various nutrition programmes, and the median and mode were seven in all types of school-based intervention. The school community readiness level regarding school-based adolescent nutrition interventions is currently in the action phase, implying that community leaders have begun organising efforts to address issues in adolescent nutrition and are aware of their consequences. Future support should be directed towards improving existing efforts and offering concrete ideas and clear policy guidelines for implementation.
Highlights
Given the current paucity of research on this topic, the current study aimed to identify the readiness of urban, public, secondary schools to adopt school-based adolescent nutrition intervention, explore the perceptions of teachers and principals regarding their school community readiness and identify opportunities for future improvements
The current study explored the readiness among the Bogor city school community to adopt a school-based adolescent nutrition intervention
Qualitative assessment based on the community readiness model indicated that the Bogor city school community readiness was in phase 2, implying that the communities and leaders were aware of the issues and their impact, efforts had been made and registered by the community
Summary
Study design A cross-sectional study with a mixed-methods design was conducted, involving two stages. The first stage consisted of instrument development, using two methods, that is, a desk review followed by a Delphi procedure involving seven experts in nutrition and education. The final outputs of this stage were instruments that could be used for field data collection, in particular the structured interview guide, self-administered questionnaires and an observation list as well as list of respondents. We observed whether the school canteen sold healthy and nutritious foods such as fruit slices, vegetable dishes and bottled water as well as unhealthy snacks, for example, high-energy, low-protein snacks, deep-fried snacks and sweetened beverages. This school environment observation was done simultaneously with the interviews by trained enumerators (Fig. 1)
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