School Bullying and Violence: Challenges and Perspectives for Building an Inclusive School

Abstract

This article discusses the relationship between bullying, school violence, and the construction of an inclusive school. Initially, bullying and school violence are defined, exploring their multifactorial causes, such as family problems, low self-esteem, and exposure to media violence. The negative consequences for victims, aggressors, and witnesses are highlighted, emphasizing the need for a safe and welcoming school environment. Next, the concept of school inclusion, its principles, and challenges, such as lack of resources and inadequate teacher training, are discussed. The relationship between bullying/violence and exclusion is analyzed, highlighting how these phenomena perpetuate discrimination and compromise the integral development of students. Finally, the article presents strategies to prevent and combat bullying and school violence, such as the implementation of clear policies, teacher training, the creation of dialogue spaces, and the promotion of a culture of peace. The involvement of family and community is highlighted as fundamental to the success of these actions.