Abstract
The present study assesses the implementation and the impact after 2 years of a school-based human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination program in a Brazilian city. A prospective study assessing the implementation of the program, offering quadrivalent HPV vaccine in two annual doses to girls and boys aged from 9 to 10 years old. The program was started in the city of Indaiatuba, state of São Paulo, Brazil, in 2018, and had authorization from the National Immunization Program. The number of HPV vaccine first doses applied and the coverage in 2018 was calculated and compared to the year 2017. There were described events that have influenced the results. The program invited 4,878 children through schools (87.1% of the target population), and 7.5% refused vaccination. Several concurrent events required or competed for health professionals of the vaccination teams. The coverage of the first dose (between 9 and 10 years old) was 16.1% in 2017 and increased to 50.5% in 2018 (p < 0.0001). The first dose in all ages increased 78% in 2018 compared with 2017 (6,636/3,733). Competing demands over the program continued in 2019, and the first dose coverage dropped (26.9%). For 2020, a municipal law instituted school-based vaccination and the creation of dedicated teams for vaccination, and these strategies are waiting to be tested. School-based annual HPV vaccination in children between 9 and 10 years old was feasible and increased vaccination coverage, regardless of gender, although the program was vulnerable to competing events.
Highlights
School-based annual Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in children between 9 and 10 years old was feasible and increased vaccination coverage, regardless of gender, the program was vulnerable to competing events
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a necessary condition for the development of cervical cancer, and HPV vaccination prevents up to 90% of this cancer.[1]
The first population program with HPV vaccination started in Australia (2007) and reached a high and sustained coverage reporting a continuous drop in the incidence of cervical cancer precursor lesions.[2]
Summary
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a necessary condition for the development of cervical cancer, and HPV vaccination prevents up to 90% of this cancer.[1]. The first population program with HPV vaccination started in Australia (2007) and reached a high and sustained coverage reporting a continuous drop in the incidence of cervical cancer precursor lesions.[2] The National Immunization Program (PNI, in the Portuguese acronym) in Brazil offers the quadrivalent HPV vaccine (HPV 6/11/16/18) through the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS, in the Portuguese acronym) since 2014. After a 6-month interval, 3.2 million doses were applied (coverage of 64.8%).[7] In the following year (2015), the strategy changed from schoolbased to be offered at primary health care facilities, and the PNI reported a significant drop in vaccination coverage: between 50 and 61% in the first dose and between 22 and 38% in the second dose.[8,9]
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