Abstract
Schizophrenia-like disorders can be divided into endogenic or primary, idiopathic, polygenetic forms, and different secondary, organic subgroups [e.g., (para)epileptic, immunological, degenerative]. Epileptic and paraepileptic explanatory approaches have a long tradition due to the high rate of electroencephalography (EEG) alterations in patients with schizophrenia. We present the case of a 23-year-old female patient suffering, since the age of 14 years, from a fluctuating paranoid-hallucinatory syndrome with formal thought disorder, fear, delusions of persecution, auditory, visual, and tactile hallucinations, as well as negative and cognitive symptoms. Laboratory measurements showed increased titers of antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) in the context of ulcerative colitis. While there was no clear history or evidence of epileptic seizures, the EEG showed generalized 3 Hz polyspike wave complexes. Under treatment with levetiracetam, the symptoms disappeared and the patient was able to complete vocational training. The schizophrenia-like symptoms associated with epileptiform discharges but not overt seizures and the good response to antiepileptic treatment could be interpreted in the context of a (para)epileptic pathomechanism. The EEG alterations might be due to a polygenetic effect due to different genes. Mild immunological mechanisms in the framework of ulcerative colitis and increased ANA titers might have supported the network instability. This case report illustrates (1) the importance of EEG screenings in schizophrenia, (2) a potential pathogenetic role of epileptiform discharges in a subgroup of patients with schizophrenia-like symptoms, and (3) that antiepileptic medication with levetiracetam could be a successful treatment alternative in schizophrenia-like disorders with EEG alterations.
Highlights
Schizophrenia-like disorders can be divided into endogenic or primary, idiopathic, polygenetic forms, and different secondary, organic subgroups [e.g.,epileptic, immunological, degenerative]
The findings of the investigation led us to our consideration of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for SLE were not fulfilled
We present the case of a patient with a schizophrenia-like disorder and, following our judgment, aepileptic pathomechanism, because of the distinct epileptiform discharges without seizures and remission under the anticonvulsive treatment with topiramate and subsequently levetiracetam monotherapy
Summary
Schizophrenia-like disorders can be divided into endogenic or primary, idiopathic, polygenetic forms, and different secondary, organic subgroups [e.g., (para)epileptic, immunological, degenerative]. Epileptic and paraepileptic explanatory approaches have a long tradition due to the high rate of electroencephalography (EEG) alterations in patients with schizophrenia. Because of the high rates of electroencephalography (EEG) alterations, ranging from 7 to 60% in patients with schizophreniform syndromes, epileptic and paraepileptic explanatory approaches have a long tradition [1,2,3]. In line with this assumption, we reported the first case of a young patient with a schizophrenialike disorder, generalized spike-and-slow-wave complexes without epileptic seizures but with remission under treatment with valproate [4, 5]. The detection of a (para)epileptic or immunological mechanism opens new treatment perspectives, in that antiepileptics or immunomodulators may be helpful [4, 5, 7,8,9,10]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
