Schirmer test for determining the moisture status of the nasal mucosa

Abstract

There is no established method to objectively measure the moisture status of nasal mucosa. In apilot study it was shown that anasal Schirmer test is apossible method. The aim of the current study was to check whether the nasal Schirmer test is suitable to define moisture status in cases with an expected pathological secretion. Initially, 154 subjects participated, of whom n = 112 were included (healthy n = 65, deviated septum n = 47, ♂60, ♀52, median age 33years). After evaluation of various test strips, the most suitable one was placed on both sides of the mucosa of the anterior septum. Secretion running distance (SRD) was measured in mm after 10 min. In addition, rhinomanometry (AAR) and acoustic rhinometry (AR) were performed. Healthy volunteers and subjects with septum deviation were compared, and subjects were also compared in terms of smoking behavior and age (<60 and ≥60years). The total median SRD was 12 mm. SRDs between 9 and 14 mm were considered physiological. In non-smokers, SRD was significantly higher in all groups compared to smokers (p > 0.05). Nasal side, age, and deviated septum had no significant influence on SRD (p < 0.05). There were no correlations between SRD and AAR or AR. Our results confirm that astatement about moisture of the nasal mucosa is possible based on anasal Schirmer test. Standard values of SRD are relevantly influenced by the respective test strip. Smoking is associated with adrier mucosa. Further investigations on the nasal Schirmer test in patients with expected atrophy of the nose, e. g., Sjogren's or empty nose syndrome, should be performed.