Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi: a comparative framework on population genetic structure in a restored area after 12 years

Abstract

The success of restoration projects depends on the genetic diversity of the implanted species. It is a limiting factor, often because the seed sources are immersed in highly fragmented landscapes. In this work, we compare the genetic diversity of the juveniles, and the adult trees of Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi in a native mixed-species planting, both in the restoration process and in the remaining natural vegetation Atlantic Forest Biome. Polymorphic DNA fragments using five SSR primers were used to estimate the restored population that showed a higher genetic diversity index (He) (0.553 adults and 0.505 juveniles) compared to the wild population (0.487 adults and 0.483 juveniles). The forested area was established with individuals of high genetic diversity. There is a reduced genetic diversity for juveniles, with the loss of exclusive alleles and maintenance of endogamy and coancestry in reforested populations, and we can infer that there was a low gene flow inter fragments. The effective population size in both (adults and juveniles) was lower than the value recommended for the sustainability of populations in the short and long term. The results indicated that continuous monitoring of this particular area is of absolute necessity and should use techniques that promote the connectivity of the fragments. It would allow for a more significant reduction of genetic drift and the persistence of the planted populations.