Scheduling of demand-side resources for a building energy management system

Abstract

In this paper, an algorithm for scheduling of demand-side resources is presented for residential loads in dynamic pricing environment. The main objective of this study is to minimize the operational cost of energy consuming devices in an entire building over a day without violating set of consumer comfort preferences. The residential end-use consumer loads considered in the proposed work are heat ventilation and air conditioning system, plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, electric water pump, and electric water heater. The optimal control operation of the loads under a real-time pricing scheme is analyzed using particle swarm optimization. The results show that the proposed scheme gives a significant reduction in the building energy cost as compared to the normal ON/OFF based control operation. Two case studies of 2 typical buildings consisting of 3 and 100 houses are taken to evaluate the proposed optimal control scheme. The comparison between the proposed and normal ON/OFF methods shows that global optimization gives the significant energy as well as cost saving.