Scheduling irrigation with a dynamic crop growth model and determining the relation between simulated drought stress and yield for peanut

Abstract

A computer simulation model can be used as a tool to help explain the impact of drought stress on plant growth and development because it integrates the complex soil–plant-atmosphere system through a set of mathematical equations. The objectives of this study were to determine the impact of different irrigation scheduling regimes on peanut growth and development, to determine the capability of the CSM-CROPGRO-Peanut model to simulate growth and development of peanut, and to determine the relationship between yield and the two cumulative drought stress indices simulated by the peanut model. The CSM-CROPGRO-Peanut model was evaluated with experimental data collected during two field experiments that were conducted in four automated rainout shelters located at The University of Georgia, USA, in 2006 and 2007. Irrigation was applied when the simulated soil water content in the effective root zone dropped below a specific threshold value for the available soil water capacity (AWC). The irrigation treatments corresponded to irrigation thresholds (IT) of 30, 40, 60, and 90 % of AWC. The results showed that growth and development was reduced for the 30 and 40 % IT treatments which resulted in yield reductions that were 92 and 45 %, respectively, of the 90 % IT treatment. The Cropping System Model (CSM)-CROPGRO-Peanut model was able to accurately simulate growth and development of peanut grown under different irrigation treatments when compared to the observed data. We found an inverse relationship between the two simulated total cumulative drought stress indices for leaf growth (expansion) and photosynthesis and simulated pod yield. Knowing the cumulative drought stress value prior to harvest maturity could help with the prediction of potential harvestable yield.