Abstract
The spectrum scarcity problem emerged in recent years, due to unbalanced utilization of RF (radio frequency) bands in the current state of wireless spectrum allocations. Spectrum access scheduling addresses challenges arising from spectrum sharing by interleaving the channel access among multiple wireless systems in a TDMA fashion. Different from cognitive radio approaches which are opportunistic and noncollaborative in general, spectrum access scheduling proactively structures and interleaves the channel access pattern of heterogeneous wireless systems, using collaborative designs by implementing a crucial architectural component--the base stations on software defined radios (SDRs). We discuss our system design choices for spectrum sharing from multiple perspectives and then present the mechanisms for spectrum sharing and coexistence of GPRS+WiMAX and GPRS+WiFi as use cases, respectively. Simulations were carried out to prove that spectrum access scheduling is an alternative, feasible, and promising approach to the spectrum scarcity problem.
Highlights
According to a recent spectrum usage investigation conducted by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) [1], the RF wireless spectrum is far from fully utilized
We propose a spectrum access scheduling approach to heterogeneous wireless systems coexistence, in which all wireless systems are considered as first-class citizens of the spectrum domain, and they intentionally allow each other chances for channel access in a TDMA fashion, improving the spectrum utilization efficiency
We focus on the following IEEE 802.16-2004 system for spectrum access scheduling: (a) a single cell operating in the Point-to-MultiPoint (PMP) mode, (b) no mobility, (c) use of 2.4 GHz unlicensed bands, and (d) use of Time Division Duplex (TDD) as the channel duplexing scheme
Summary
According to a recent spectrum usage investigation conducted by the FCC [1], the RF wireless spectrum is far from fully utilized. Because wireless channel access protocols can be categorized in either randomized or scheduled approaches [3], we study the mechanisms that enable the coexistence of heterogeneous wireless systems of these two categories in this paper, namely, the TDMA and CSMA systems. WiMAX, and WiFi—and use the coexistence settings of GPRS+WiFi and GPRS+WiMAX, respectively, as exemplary heterogeneous systems to study the spectrum sharing operations of these systems in the TDMA fashion Both of the heterogeneous wireless systems coexistence solutions are based on the SDR (software defined radio) platforms.
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