Schedule-induced polydipsia alters cocaine-but not ethanol-induced suppression of saccharin consumption

Abstract

Under traditional water-deprived conditions, both LiCl and morphine produce comparable suppression of saccharin consumption after repeated pairings. However, under conditions of spaced food deliveries (i.e., schedule-induced polydipsia; SIP), morphine produces a significantly weaker suppression than LiCl. The differential responses have been attributed to an increase in the rewarding effects of drugs of abuse (such as morphine) that masked the expression of the aversive effects, a masking not evident with LiCl which has no reported rewarding effects. The present study extended this characterization to two additional drugs of abuse; cocaine and ethanol. Following schedule-induced saccharin consumption, female Sprague–Dawley rats were given injections of LiCl, cocaine, ethanol (at doses comparably effective in conditioning taste aversions under water deprivation) or distilled water vehicle. Although cocaine and ethanol both suppressed SIP, only cocaine produced a significantly delayed suppression relative to LiCl. The differential effects of cocaine (and morphine), but not ethanol, may be a function of the different reward profiles of these drugs. Given the differential ability of drugs of abuse to suppress consumption under conditions of spaced feedings, the SIP procedure may be a useful baseline to assess the rewarding effects of such drugs. Further, given the differential results with cocaine and ethanol, the relative rewarding effects of drugs may be differentially indexed in this preparation, as well.