Schedule dependent inhibition of thymidylate synthase and tumor growth by 5-fluorouracil in Yoshida sarcoma bearing rats.

Abstract

Schedule dependent inhibition of thymidylate synthase (TS) and tumor growth by 5-fluorouracil (FUra) was examined in Yoshida sarcoma (YS) bearing Donryu rats. After implantation of YS cells (1 x 10(4), FUra (20 mg/kg/day) was continuously (group C) or daily bolus injection (group B) administered for 6 days. On day 7, tumor weight was 1.57 +/- 0.58 g in group C and 0.45 +/- 0.10 g in group B (P less than 0.01), free TS was 2.23 +/- 83 fmol/mg protein in group B and 96 +/- 55 fmol/mg protein in group C (P less than 0.05), and inhibition rate of TS was 88.3 +/- 5.3% in group C and 94.7 +/- 3.0% in group B (P less than 0.05). A significant correlationship was found between free TS and tumor weight (P less than 0.05). As the next step, continuous infusion (group C) or daily bolus injection (group B) for 6 days was started on day 5 after implantation of YS cells. The relative increase of tumor on day 9 was 256 +/- 111% in group C and 112 +/- 22.1% in group B (P less than 0.05). On day 11, total TS of the resected tumor was 650 +/- 153 fmol/mg protein in group C and 391 +/- 124 fmol/mg protein in group B (P less than 0.05), and inhibition rate of TS was 78.8 +/- 12.4% in group C and 84.4 +/- 8.6% in group B. Daily bolus injection of FUra causes a superior antitumor and antimetabolic effect. The schedule dependent cytotoxicity of FUra should be taken into account when a chemotherapeutic protocol is designed.