Abstract
As a widely present form of bimodal transit systems, the trunk-feeder transit corridor has received less attention in the academic research compared to the conventional single-modal systems, partly due to the difficulty in the two-dimensional modeling. The schedule coordination of this corridor has been largely ignored, which can potentially strengthen the mutually reinforcing relationship between the trunk transit (e.g., rail) and the feeder transit (e.g., bus). In light of this, the paper proposes a novel two-stage programming model with the objective of minimizing the total cost to design a coordinated trunk-feeder corridor. In stage one, the continuous approximation approach and the discrete method are incorporated to obtain an optimized uncoordinated scheme and a feasible layout. The screened layout parameters such as the specific station location, feeder line location, length of the feeder line segments parallel to the trunk line, and the passenger flow distribution, are recruited into the coordination design in stage two. A nested two-phase optimization algorithm integrated with the analytic method and adaptive genetic algorithm is proposed to find the solutions to the mixed integer nonlinear program issue. Results show that the proposed method is suitable for heterogeneous schedule coordination design and the coordination strategy is more preferable at a lower-level heterogeneous demand. Meanwhile, different from the conventional approaches, this method can generate a rational cost-saving coordination scheme with a feasible layout under the two-dimensional heterogeneous demand pattern.
Highlights
In the past decades, public transit system has been developed rapidly due to its speed and punctuality
The demand for public transit is served by a trunkfeeder transit corridor, consisting of a trunk transit line and the feeder bus routes connecting the transfer stations
The main contributions of the paper are threefold: 1) we propose a first-design--coordinate framework for the trunk-feeder transit corridor that account for the twodimensional heterogeneous demand pattern; 2) the proposed model indigenously optimize the locations of trunk stations and feeder lines as well as the service headways satisfying integer coordination constraints, which may vary with locations to best fit arbitrary demand patterns; and 3) the coordination method can promote the cost savings under the homogeneous and heterogeneous demands
Summary
Public transit system has been developed rapidly due to its speed and punctuality. In Equations (1b)-(1c), Pt (L) (pax/h, where pax is short for passengers) denotes the maximum on-board flow of trunk line, which can be obtained via the expression furnished in Table 6 in Appendix A; the maximum on-board flow of the feeder line at location x is indicated as CBfi (x)/ui(x), where CBfi (x) (pax/h/km) is the cumulative boarding demand along y axis in the vicinity of location x; See again Table 6 for derivation of CBfi (x); Capt and Capf are the vehicle capacities of trunk and feeder transit, respectively. The detailed expressions of φNt , φDt , χNf ,i, χDf ,i, φNt , φDt , ψNf ,i, and ψDf ,i are presented in Appendix B
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