Abstract
Malaysia has rapidly modernized, with most of the population now residing in cities and the remainder in rural or remote areas. The amount of municipal solid waste generated has increased in tandem with the country's rapid urbanization in response to that statement. Due to a lack of connectivity in rural areas, there may be insufficient infrastructure for a proper waste management system. As a result, illegal waste dumping was common, and landfills' massive volumes of waste may contribute to greenhouse gas emissions. The Malaysian government has responded by taking the necessary steps to upgrade the country's current waste management system in order to better manage municipal solid waste disposal. This research looks at how energy recovery from accumulated waste can be used as a renewable energy source, as well as the current issues, challenges, and proposed solutions. Methane gas produced as a byproduct of waste decomposition in landfills or disposal sites was used to generate electricity more efficiently and sustainably, resulting in a positive economic and environmental outcome.
Highlights
The amount of municipal solid waste generated in Malaysia has increased significantly as a result of rapid urbanization, in densely populated areas
The development of Waste to Energy Systems (WTE) and Refuse Derived Fuel is proposed as a cost-effective and efficient waste management strategy for a more sustainable waste management system (RDF)
Malaysia is a country endowed with an abundance of natural resources such as petroleum and natural gas
Summary
The amount of municipal solid waste generated in Malaysia has increased significantly as a result of rapid urbanization, in densely populated areas. The amount of greenhouse gases emitted as a result of decomposition has steadily increased as a result of improper or uncontrolled solid waste management, causing environmental harm [2]. The development of Waste to Energy Systems (WTE) and Refuse Derived Fuel is proposed as a cost-effective and efficient waste management strategy for a more sustainable waste management system (RDF). This ensures that discarded waste is burned and converted into renewable energy and biofuel. In Malaysia, several pilot plants for both WTE and RDF have been established, demonstrating that this initiative is feasible and could be scaled up significantly [3]
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