Abstract
Beiging of white adipose tissue (WAT) has beneficial effects on metabolism. Although it is known that beige adipocytes are active in lipid catabolism and thermogenesis, how they are regulated deserves more explorations. In this study, we demonstrate that stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) in subcutaneous WAT (scWAT) responded to cold stimulation and was able to promote mobilization of triacylglycerol [TAG (triglyceride)]. In vitro studies showed that SCD1 promoted lipolysis in C3H10T1/2 white adipocytes. The lipolytic effect was contributed by one of SCD1’s products, oleic acid (OA). OA upregulated adipose TAG lipase and hormone-sensitive lipase expression. When SCD1 was overexpressed in the scWAT of mice, lipolysis was enhanced, and oxygen consumption and heat generation were increased. These effects were also demonstrated by the SCD1 knockdown experiments in mice. In conclusion, our study suggests that SCD1, known as an enzyme for lipid synthesis, plays a role in upregulating lipid mobilization through its desaturation product, OA.
Highlights
Two different kinds of adipose tissues are generally considered to exist in humans and other mammals
The percentage of MUFAs, especially oleic acid (OA) (C18:1) of TAG, in subcutaneous WAT (scWAT) adipocytes is increased after cold exposure
stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) is a microsomal enzyme involved in MUFA biosynthesis, mainly oleic acid and palmitoleic acid
Summary
Two different kinds of adipose tissues are generally considered to exist in humans and other mammals. Cold exposure induces beige fat biogenesis in subcutaneous WAT (scWAT) depots, promotes energy expenditure, and decreases mouse body weight and fat mass [5]. Ntambi has reported that global SCD1-deficient mice (SCD1 / ) showed decreased hepatic TAG content, reduced body obesity, increased insulin sensitivity, and resistance to diet-induced weight gain [25, 26]. In UCP1-deficient mice, the increased lipolysis in scWAT might account for maintaining body temperature, which was associated with elevated SCD1 expression [29]. These studies indicate a role of SCD1 in lipid mobilization and thermoregulation. Overexpression of SCD1 in mouse scWAT suggested that SCD1 can induce lipolysis through upregulating lipases and lipophagy pathways, further promoting fat mobilization and energy expenditure. We found that SCD1 plays an effective role in regulating adipocyte lipid mobilization through alteration of FA composition
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
