Scavenging Process Analysis in a 2-Stroke Engine by CFD Approach for a Parametric 0D Model Development

Abstract

This paper presents a method to improve cylinder design of 2-stroke auto-ignition engine based on a CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) study of internal flows in the chamber and an unsteady global 0D parametric approach. In 2-stroke engine, scavenging process plays an important role regarding engine efficiency and pollutant emissions. Several geometrical and environmental parameters (like piston velocity and inlet/outlet thermofluid conditions) impact the scavenging process and most of them vary when the engine is running. To improve the scavenging process, an analytical model (integrating design parameter variations) is developed and will be implemented in 0D global model. CFD simulations are used to establish the analytical scavenging model. The CFD model includes species transportation, piston motion (remeshing), turbulent effectsbut it does not take into account the combustion process or the aerodynamics in the cylinder before the beginning of scavenging. After defining the influent parameters on the scavenging, multiple simulations with varying values of parameters were run and a data base was created. The data base will be used to develop a reduced model of the scavenging process which will be integrated in a global 0D model of the engine. Through a reference case, the in-cylinder flow is analyzed and the evolution of velocity, pressure, species and turbulent kinetic energy fields during scavenging are discussed. After a statistical treatment, the results of simulations highlight two main significant parameters: the advance of intake opening and the angle of the intake duct. The decoupling of these two parameters is particularly suitable for the optimization of engines.