Scattering Parameters Characterization of Periodically Nonuniform Transmission Lines With a Perturbative Technique

Abstract

In this article, a novel procedure for the frequency-domain solution of nonuniform transmission lines (NUTLs) is presented. The procedure is based on a recently proposed perturbative technique, which is proven to be computationally more efficient than standard solution approaches, which are based on line subdivision into uniform cascaded sections. With respect to the original perturbation technique, the procedure proposed here offers more flexibility, as it provides a representation of the NUTL under analysis in terms of $S$ and/or $T$ parameters at its ports. Moreover, it retains the same prediction accuracy at the price of a slight increase in computational burden, which can be mitigated anyway through parallel computing. Furthermore, even without ad hoc (parallel) implementations, the proposed procedure outperforms other approaches to solve differential lines with partially or fully repetitive geometries. Namely, it assures accurate prediction of output quantities with reduced simulation time. This is proven by three application examples, namely, two differential trapezoidal tabbed lines (one with interdigital tabs and one with facing tabs), and a differential microstrip line with a varying common-mode (CM) impedance (as such reducing CM noise). Comparison with full-wave simulations allows assessing the prediction accuracy of the proposed procedure. Comparison with the aforementioned transmission-line-based solutions allows appreciating the enhanced computational efficiency.