Scattering of X-rays from Gases

Abstract

Measurement of the intensity of scattering of x-rays by various gases has been made for scattering angles between 10\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} and 90\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}. Soller slits were used to get a well-defined scattering angle and matched filters of Zr${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ and SrO were used to isolate the ${K}_{\ensuremath{\alpha}}$ lines of molybdenum. Intensity measurements have been made for hydrogen, helium, oxygen, neon and argon. All the measurements were put on the same scale by comparison of the intensity of scattering from the various gases with the scattering from hydrogen at 90\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}. This is equivalent to putting the intensities on an absolute scale since the scattering from hydrogen at 90\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} can be calculated with considerable certainty. Values of the structure factors for neon and argon were calculated and comparison made with those determined from wave mechanics for similar atoms.