Abstract
Classically, rigid objects with elongated shapes can fit through apertures only when properly aligned. Quantum-mechanical particles which have internal structure (e.g. a diatomic molecule) also are affected during attempts to pass through small apertures, but there are interesting differences with classical structured particles. We illustrate here some of these differences for ultra-slow particles. Notably, we predict resonances that correspond to prolonged delays of the rotor within the aperture—a trapping phenomenon not found classically.
Highlights
Continued advances in cold-atom technology have opened new opportunities for studying the influence of internal structure upon the scattering of particles
Three such advances come to mind here: The formation of cold molecules from a Bose–Einstein condensate [33] or Fermi gas [36], the observation of the eclipse effect [23] in the scattering of helium clusters by a grating [37], and the creation of an Efimov state [8] in collisions between cold atoms of cesium [39] and potassium [19, 61]
In the present paper we investigate the scattering of slow structured particles from an aperture in a thin screen
Summary
11, D-89069 Ulm, Germany and Texas A&M University Institute for Advanced Study (TIAS), Institute for Quantum Science and may be used under the Engineering (IQSE) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4242, USA terms of the Creative. Quantum-mechanical particles which have internal structure (e.g. a diatomic molecule) are affected during attempts to pass through small apertures, but there are interesting differences with classical structured particles. We illustrate here some of these differences for ultra-slow particles. We predict resonances that correspond to prolonged delays of the rotor within the aperture—a trapping phenomenon not found classically
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