Abstract
The angular spread of acoustic radiation scattered from a rough surface is computed using the Kirchhoff approximation. Both the dependence on azimuth and elevation of the scattered intensity are plotted for model surface statistics. Results are compared to those of perturbation theory and to those of an extended Kirchhoff approximation which formally reduces to the perturbation results in the small surface height limit. In all cases studied, the perturbation result for the scattered intensity near the specular direction dominates the Kirchhoff result. Both hard and soft surfaces are considered and an example of non-Gaussian statistics is presented. The Kirchhoff integral is also compared to an approximation of that integral proposed by M. V. Berry [J. Phys. A 8, 566–584 (1975)].
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