Abstract
Understanding the behaviour of light propagation in biological materials is essential for biomedical engineering and applications, and even more so when dealing with incoming biomaterials. Many methods for determining optical parameters from biological media assume that scattered light is isotropically distributed over all angles. However, an angular dependence of light scattering may exist and affect the optical behaviour of biological media. The present work seeks to experimentally analyze the scattering anisotropy in different dental tissues (enamel and dentine) and their potential substitute biomaterials (hybrid dental-resin, nano-filled composite, and zirconia ceramic) and comparatively study them. Goniometric measurements were made for four wavelengths in the visible range, allowing a spectral characterization of the materials studied. Previously, for each material, measurements were made with two different sample thicknesses at the same wavelength, checking the behaviour of the angular scattering profile. The asymmetry of experimental phase functions was considered in the recovery of the scattering anisotropy factor. The results demonstrate that the thicker sample yielded a less forward-directed scattering profile than did the thinner sample. The biomaterials analysed show angular scattering comparable to those of the tissues that they may replace. Comparisons can be made by virtue of the low uncertainties found.
Highlights
Knowledge of the optical properties of biological structures is useful for clinical applications, and even more so when dealing with incoming biomaterials engineered to benefit the patient.The optical properties of turbid media are described by the absorption coefficient, the scattering coefficient, and the phase function, which represents the scattering angular distribution
The phase function is usually characterized by the scattering anisotropy factor g, which equals the average cosine of the scattering angle
The recovery of the scattering-angular distribution is important for biological media and, a better knowledge of the scattering anisotropy in biomaterials becomes of great interest
Summary
Knowledge of the optical properties of biological structures is useful for clinical applications, and even more so when dealing with incoming biomaterials engineered to benefit the patient. The optical properties of turbid media are described by the absorption coefficient, the scattering coefficient (μs), and the phase function, which represents the scattering angular distribution. Certain methods for determining optical parameters assume that light scattered from biological media is isotropically distributed over all angles [1]–[3]. Many works show that an angular dependence of light scattering may exist and affect the optical behaviour of biological media [4]–[11]. The recovery of the scattering-angular distribution is important for biological media and, a better knowledge of the scattering anisotropy in biomaterials becomes of great interest
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