Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Light Microscopy (LM)-based Palyno-morphological views of Solanaceae in Western Himalaya.

Abstract

In this study, plants belonging to family Solanaceae growing in Western Himalaya region have been observed palynologically under Light Microscope and Scanning electron microscope. Present investigation comprises of 10 genera and 23 species, namely, Atropa acuminata, Capsicum decoraticus, Capsicum frutescens, Cestrum aurantiacum, Cestrum diurnum, Cestrum nocturnum, Datura alba, Datura innoxia, Datura stramonium, Hyoscymus niger, Lycopersicon esculentum, Nicotiana rustica, Nicotiana tabacum, Petunia alba, Petunia hybrida, Solanum erianthum, Solanum melongena, Solanum miniatum, Solanum pseudocapsicum, Solanum surratense, Solanum tuberosum, Withania coagulans, Withania somnifera. Solanaceae is a eurypalynous family. Grains are usually Tricolporate and Tetracolporate, radially symmetrical, isopolar, prolate-spheroidal to oblate-spheroidal to oblate-spheroidal to subprolate to per prolate or suboblate to oblate, size range: 8.55-72 μm, amb circular, semi-angular or subangular, aperture drop-type, labrum common-type, exine usually 2 μm thick, nexine 1-1.5 μm thick. Tectum usually psilate, sexine reticulate, granulate or striato-reticulate, with obscure pattern, sexine 1-2 μm thick, nexine 1-1.5 μm thick, and intine 0.5-1 μm thick. Most striking variation has been found in the shape class, aperture-type, and tectal surface. Based on these characters, taxonomic keys have been made for correct identification of members in Solanaceae. However, the grains of this family are usually tricolporate and have direct relationship with certain members of the family Scrophulariaceae. Palyno-morphological characters of family Solanaceae have been studied for the first time in Western Himalayan region of Pakistan. These palyno-morphological characters are significant for identification of the members of family Solanaceae.