Abstract
The K2 formation of C68 block is explored by injecting water to maintain formation pressure, but the continuous decrease of injection rate significantly reduces oil production. Therefore, it is important to predict scaling tendency of injected water in the formation. Firstly, ion composition of formation water and injected water was tested according to recommended practices in petroleum industry. Then, wellbottom temperature distribution of injection wells was simulated under injection water rate requirement of oilfield development. Furthermore, based on the “Oddo-Tomson” prediction model of inorganic scale, the scaling trend of water flooding in K2 formation is predicted according to the possible temperature and pressure. The research indicates that sulfate scale cannot be formed in C68 block and there is a slight possibility of carbonate scaling, which provides a basis to select the correct stimulation technology for increasing production.
Highlights
A series of prediction models of scaling tendency has formed since Langelier saturation index was proposed
Ryznar [2] improves the accuracy of scaling prediction of high-salinity and high-alkalinity water considering thermodynamics, salinity and other factors on the basis of Davis-Stiff’s theory.Oddo-Tomson[3,4] further improved the saturation index model comprehensively considering activity product theory, solubility product theory and ion association combined with thermodynamics theories and proposed the calculation method of scaling trend whether there is gas liberation
Yan [8] simulated the scaling trend of formation water and injected water mixed in different proportions under the conditions of reservoir temperature and pressure, and applied the simulation results to improve the quality of injected water, the compatibility of different water quality can be improved
Summary
A series of prediction models of scaling tendency has formed since Langelier saturation index was proposed. Davis & Stiff [1] improved Langlier’s method considering the comprehensive influence of temperature, pressure, ionic strength and total alkalinity on scaling trend. Ryznar [2] improves the accuracy of scaling prediction of high-salinity and high-alkalinity water considering thermodynamics, salinity and other factors on the basis of Davis-Stiff’s theory.Oddo-Tomson[3,4] further improved the saturation index model comprehensively considering activity product theory, solubility product theory and ion association combined with thermodynamics theories and proposed the calculation method of scaling trend whether there is gas liberation. Zhu [7] obtained the mix solubility product of injected water and formation water at different temperatures, pressures, and salinities by experiments, developed a scaling. It is necessary to research the scaling tendency of injected water in the formation
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