Abstract
Continuous fixed-bed adsorption is a cost-effective water-treatment method for dye removal. This research examined parameters such as bed heights (5, 7, and 9cm), initial methylene blue (MB) concentrations (10, 15, and 20mg/L), and feed flow rates (8, 10, 12 and mL/min) on fixed-bed adsorption performance. Our findings showed that the performance was improved under longer exhaustion times not only with increasing column bed heights, but also with decreasing initial MB concentrations and feed flow rates. Of note, the Thomas and Yoon-Nelson models accurately described MB adsorption in a fixed-bed column, with R2 values from 0.7525 to 0.9833. Response surface methodology via central composite design optimized column bed heights and feed flow rates on the duration required to achieve 50% of column breakthrough. The coefficient of determination (R2) and analysis of variance demonstrated the significance of the Two Factor Interaction (2FI) model in fitting the actual values. The optimum conditions were determined to be as follows: a bed height of 5cm; a feed flow rate of 8mL/min; and a duration of 54.74min to achieve 50% of column breakthrough. Lastly, a confirmatory test further verified the precision of the proposed optimum conditions with an error of only 0.02%.
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