Abstract
The cooperation of nonlinearity (producing collapsed characteristics) and dispersion (unfolding singularities) underlies a robust mechanism that imparts two distinct scales (L measuring the system size, and δi typically of the order of the ion skin depth) to the double Beltrami states of a two-fluid plasma. It is shown that the conventional single-fluid model [magnetohydrodynamic (MHD)] seemingly valid for a large system (δi/L≈0), fails to capture the small scale that is created by the singular perturbation of the two-fluid effect (dispersion). The small-scale component plays an important role in various plasma phenomena, such as coronal heating. The double Beltrami model is compared and contrasted with the standard MHD pathway (Parker’s model of current sheet, for instance).
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