Abstract
This study adopts workplace spirituality viewpoint to develop Teacher' Sense of Organizational Identification Scale. There are four procedures in process of developing the scale: 1. Literature analysis: In the past, people mainly developed Sense of Organizational Identification Scales by social identification theory or workplace spirituality. Sense of organization identification from scales of workplace spirituality is classified as the organization level, which content can be further divided as sense of goal connection, sense of identification with organization's values, and sense of organization care. Following literature analysis, draft of 18 items was proposed. 2. Reviewed by experts: After the initial draft of the 18 items were reviewed by four experts, one was deleted, one added, fourteen remaining the same, and three modified. 3. Exploratory Factor Analysis(EFA): The 18 items after reviewed by the experts were conducted EFA(N=235), and further divided into item analysis, factor analysis, and reliability analysis. In the first analysis, due to low loading of two items, we deleted them. After analyzed again, the reliability became acceptable. 4. Confirmatory Factor Analysis(CFA): We further investigated 332 teachers to confirm whether the Three Factor model's 16 items are stable. The result showed the initial model fits well. In addition, the initial model's basic fit does not offends estimation, and the fit of the internal structure is acceptable(including the individual reliability, the composite reliability, the average variation extraction, and the construct discrimination analysis). Up to now, the Three Factor 16 items in the Teacher's Sense of Organizational Identification Scale was established, including sense of connection to organization's goal's(5 items), sense of connected to organization's goals(5 items), and sense of identification with organization's values(6 items). To conclude, the Sense of Organizational Identification Scale with three factor's 16 items has acceptable reliability for relative research.
Highlights
Organizational identification(OI) refers to a psychological linkage between the individual and the organization(Edwards & Peccei, 2015)[1]
This research adopted teachers as the research subject, because Taiwanese elementary school, junior high school, and senior high school teachers' wage, work duration, and the retiring system are all protected by law, the job has high socio-economic status and high prestige, and teachers are instructors of both scripture and people; in short, it is a very meaningful job which makes our life full of meaning, and further leads to growth of spirituality. This scale used the viewpoint of workplace spirituality to develop Teacher's Sense of Organizational Identification Scale
In foreign areas, sense of organizational identification scales with teachers as the research subject include: Christ et al(2003)[7] developed Organisational Identification Scale, which adopted Social Identity Theory with a total of 21 items in three dimensions:(1) career identification: items such as "I identify myself with my professional career," and "I like to think about plans for my career";(2) team identification items such as "I identify myself with a certain team", "I like to work in my team"; and(3) identification with one’s school items such as "I identify myself with the staff of my school", and "I feel not very comfortable in my present staff"
Summary
After the initial draft of the 18 items were reviewed by four experts, one was deleted, one added, fourteen remaining the same, and three modified. 3. Exploratory Factor Analysis(EFA): The 18 items after reviewed by the experts were conducted EFA(N=235), and further divided into item analysis, factor analysis, and reliability analysis. 4. Confirmatory Factor Analysis(CFA): We further investigated 332 teachers to confirm whether the Three Factor model's 16 items are stable. The initial model's basic fit does not "offends estimation," and the fit of the internal structure is acceptable(including the individual reliability, the composite reliability, the average variation extraction, and the construct discrimination analysis). The Sense of Organizational Identification Scale with three factor's 16 items has acceptable reliability for relative research
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