Abstract
A purely scalar theory is presented for bent single-mode, weakly guiding, optical fibers, leading to the well-known loss formula and also to simple analytical expressions for the radiating field and the evanescent field reflected by the caustic. It is also established that all these results can be derived from a simple two-dimensional (2-D) ray analysis of the cross-sectional field; the evanescent parts of the field are connected with real rays while the radiating part involves complex rays. Lastly, field-displacement effects are analyzed, within both the field theory and the ray analysis.
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