Abstract
We analyze the dispersion effect of the focal length of low-index thin lenses by using scalar diffraction and finite difference time domain (FDTD) methods. We compare the dispersion results obtained by using these methods with reported experimental results, and the well-known analytical formula for focal length (f) of diffractive lenses as a function of wavelength ( λ ) , f ( λ ) = f 0 λ 0 λ where f0 is the designed focal length for wavelength λ0. We show that when the analytical formula is applied to thin flat lenses with low-refractive index, the results are accurate for small numerical aperture (NA) up to 0.2. For larger NA, the error between the analytical approximation and the FDTD analysis remains around 8% over a wide range of NA.
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