Scalable and modular 8-channel transmit and 8-channel flexible receive coil array for 19 F MRI of large animals.

Abstract

To introduce an RF coil system consisting of an 8-channel transmit (Tx) and 8-channel receive (Rx) coil arrays for 19 F MRI of large animals. The Tx efficiency and homogeneity of the 8-element loop coil array (loop size: 6× 15 cm2 ) were simulated for two different pig models rendered from MR images. An 8-channel Rx coil array consisting of a flexible 6-channel posterior and a 2-channel planar anterior array was designed to fit on the abdomen of an average-sized pig in supine position. Measurements were performed in a grid phantom and ex vivo on a pig model with perfluoroctylbromide (PFOB)-filled tubes inserted in the thorax. Measured and simulated Tx efficiency and homogeneity for the 8-channel and 5-channel arrays were in good agreement: 1.87 ± 0.22μT/√kW versus 1.96 ± 0.29μT/√kW, and 2.29 ± 0.39μT/√kW versus 2.41 ± 0.37μT/√kW. An isolation of 38 ± 8dB is achieved between the 19 F Tx and Rx elements, and over 30dB between the 1 H and 19 F elements. The PFOB-filled vials could be clearly identified within the cadaver abdomen with an SNR of 275 ± 51 for a 3D gradient-echo sequence with 2-mm isotropic resolution and 12 averages, acquired in 9:52 min:s. Performance of the Tx array was robust against phase and amplitude mismatches at the input ports. A modular and scalable Tx array offers improved Tx efficiency in 19 F MRI of large animals with various sizes. Although conventional birdcage coils have superior Tx efficiency within the target region of interest, scalability of the Tx array to animal size is a major benefit. The described 19 F coil provides homogeneous excitation and high sensitivity detection in large pig models.