Saturation energy of shake process in photoionization

Abstract

The electron shakeup and shakeoff probabilities for various atomic shells accompanying K-shell pho-toionization have been calculated as a function of incident photon energy. The obtained results indicate that the shakeup probability has a sharp onset near to the threshold energy and approaches to the asymptotic value corresponding to the sudden approximation, while the shakeoff probability increases more gradually with energy. The saturation energy, where the probability at the sudden limit is reached, has been studied and its dependence on the quantum numbers of n and l of the atomic orbitals is discussed.