Saturation Effects in the Westervelt End-Fire Parametric Radiator

Abstract

Westervelt's theory for the end-fire parametric radiator [P. J. Westervelt, “Parametric Acoustic Array,” J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 35, 535–537 (1963)] includes only second-order interaction of two primary frequencies to produce radiation at the difference frequency. When higher-order saturation effects are included, harmonics of the difference frequency become important. Experimental measurements of the growth and radiation patterns of several difference frequency harmonics are presented.