Abstract
A saturated PbSO4 aqueous solution, which was prepared by dissolving commercially available solid PbSO4 in doubly distilled water, was employed as a standard stock solution of lead for the visual colorimetric determination of lead in water and atomic fluorescence spectrometric determination of lead in whole Usnea longissima (i.e., Methuselah's beard lichen). The concentration of lead in this saturated solution is theoretically calculated to 27.8 mg/L by using the solubility product constant of PbSO4 at 25°C. The standard solution series is by further dilution of the saturated solution. A validation experiment proved the feasibility of using the saturated solution as the standard stock solution of lead. The experimental conditions, mainly the temperature, that affect the equilibrium of precipitation–dissolution in the saturated solution were investigated. The saturated PbSO4 solution was proved to be accurate enough for the purpose of screening analysis of lead in these samples.
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