Abstract
In this work, we evaluated the impact of a saturated fatty acid (SFA)‐enriched diet (HL) in the post‐weaning offspring subjected to maternal protein restriction in liver genes of redox balance and inflammatory pathway. Wistar rats were mated and during gestation and lactation, mothers received control (C) or low protein diet (LP, 8% protein). After weaning, rats received either C or HL (+59% SFA) diets up to 90 days of life. It was verified that circulating markers of lipid metabolism and liver function were not significantly altered between groups. The LP group submitted to the post‐weaning HL diet showed an increase in liver protein and lipid oxidation (p<0.01). This group also presented greater gene transcription of NF‐KB1 and TNF‐α (p<0.05) compared to controls. Liver mRNA contents of pro‐oxidant enzymes (XDH, NOX1 and RAC1) were not different between LP and controls animals. Post‐weaning HL diet did not alter the pattern of expression of SOD1, SOD2, CAT, GPX1, GPX2, UCP2 genes in LP groups, except for CAT, which was significantly higher in LP group fed HL diet compared to C (+66%, p<0.05). In protein level, CAT was lower in LP compared to control animals under both post‐weaning C and HL (p<0.05). In contrast, SOD2 protein content was twice higher in LP groups (p<0.05). However, GPX1/2 protein expression was similar between groups. Regarding transcription factors, no differences were noted in NRF2 and FOXO3 mRNA contents. However, SFA enhanced PGC1α (+207%, p<0.05) and PPARγ (+151%, p<0.05) levels in LP groups vs. C. Thus, our data suggest that SFA‐enriched diet induces oxidative stress, activation of inflammatory pathways, however without metabolic disturbance when the animals were submitted to a low protein diet during critical periods of development.Support or Funding InformationThis study was supported by FACEPE (Brazil), CNPq (Brazil) and CAPES/COFECUB (Brazil/France).
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