Satisfaction Evaluation on Lightscape of Lantern Festival in China--Based on Fuzzy-IPA Model

Abstract

Lightscape of the Lantern Festival in China has great significance in recalling historical memory and promoting the development of the tourism economy. The current study aims to optimize the Lantern Festival’s lightscape by accessing people’s satisfaction. It summarized the history of the Chinese Lantern Festival chronologically and generated lightscape variables from historical documents and field interviews. Considering the ambiguous semantics of satisfaction, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation was applied to quantify the obscure concept of satisfaction. A total of 391 valid questionnaires collected from three sites (Liwan Lantern Festival in Guangzhou, Splendid China Lantern Festival in Shenzhen, and Qinhuai Confucius Temple Lantern Festival in Nanjing) represented the general situation of the Southern China area. Principal components and weights of lightscape factors extracted by factor analysis pointed main influential aspects of the lightscape. The Fuzzy-IPA model in this study evaluated people’s satisfaction with the lightscape of the overall situation and three sites, respectively, and generated improvement strategies for future lightscape design. Subjects’ overall satisfaction level for three sites of the Lantern Festival was satisfied (4.072), and their satisfaction levels showed as Nanjing (satisfied, 4.240) > Shenzhen (satisfied, 4.060) > Guangzhou (fair, 3.835). According to the importance and performance of lightscape variables, optimizing suggestions for three sites were proposed from aspects of “cultural expressions”, “lamp modeling”, “manifestations”, and “venue spaces” of lightscape, respectively.