Satellite wastewater reclamation plants: How to get what you bargain for

Abstract

Urban growth, drought, and difficulties in obtaining new water supplies are pressuring many municipalities to find ways to stretch existing water resources. Some communities are able to supply potable water for domestic growth, but not for expanded turf and landscape irrigation at parks and golf courses. For many of these communities, one means of dealing with irrigation water demands is through the construction of “satellite” wastewater reclamation plants. Satellite reclamation plants operate independently from the conventional treatment plant. They treat wastewater from the sewer system and often discharge sludge, filter backwash water, and plant washdown water back into the sewer system. Developers often provide design and construction of satellite plants. The Developer's plans, however, often inadequately address potential odor problems and wastewater solids handling. The local municipality is often left with the responsibility for satellite reclamation plant operation, maintenance, and regulatory conformance. Satellite reclamation treatment plants should be carefully assessed since they may have long term liabilities not immediately apparent in developer's proposals. What initially appears to be an opportunity to get a wastewater reclamation program off the ground, may turn out to be a major operational and financial headache — as well as the subject of public concern. This paper explores potential pitfalls associated with satellite reclamation facilities and presents some guidelines for communities to evaluate satellite reclamation plant proposals. Topics discussed include: 1. Division of Responsibility 2. Regulations and Permitting 3. Treatment System Comparison 4. Water Demand and Supply Characteristics 5. Integrating Water, Wastewater, and Reclamation Systems 6. Public Acceptance