Abstract
A method for recovery monitoring in post-fire and post-technogenic landscapes was proposed based on satellite data in a wide spectral range, including the infrared band data. A decrease in the spectral surface albedo in post-fire areas, caused by the destruction of on-ground vegetation, provokes excessive heating of the surface and upper soil layer. Surface thermal anomalies were evaluated under conditions of changes in the heat-insulating properties of vegetation and ground cover. The relative temperature anomalies in post-fire plots (overestimation up to 30% compared to non-disturbed territory) are typical for permafrost conditions of Siberia. Similar process was recorded for both natural (post-fire) and post-technogenic landscapes. Within 22 years after the fire, thermal insulation properties of the vegetation cover were restored. Thus, the relative temperature anomaly (of 3±1%) has reached the background value. In post-technogenic plots, conditions are more “contrast” compared to the background, and restoration of the thermal regime takes significantly longer (>60 years). “Neo-technogenic ecosystems” with specific soil thermal regimes compared to the background ones are formed both for reclaimed and for non-reclaimed post-technogenic plots. On average, surface temperature has overestimated at least by 10–15% in post-technogenic plots compared to non-disturbed territory.
Highlights
Nowadays, long-term forest destruction monitoring in Siberia is impossible without satellite monitoring tools [1, 2]
Long-term temporal-series analysis showed that in post-technogenic ecosystems, the properties of the upper soil horizons did not recover to the background level for a long time, and thermal regimes remained significantly anomalous for more than 60 years after technogenic impact
We suggest the formation of “neo-technogenic ecosystems” with specific thermal regimes of soils that differ from the background ones
Summary
Long-term forest destruction monitoring in Siberia is impossible without satellite monitoring tools [1, 2]. Satellite monitoring allows estimating the annual increase of vegetation disturbances in Siberia, which are associated with a number of destructive natural (insect pests, wildfires, other natural processes) or human-made factors (logging, activities of the mining complex, etc.). Disturbance of heat-insulating properties of the soil and the vegetation cover is the reason for the change in thermal regime within local areas. When such changes accumulate, they should be considered a significant factor regulating the state and dynamics of ecosystems and soil and permafrost characteristics [3,4,5,6]. Up to 20% of permafrost larch forests in Siberia [7, 8] are subject to post-fire changes in vegetation and surface and soil temperature regimes. The issue can be effectively solved using satellite data in a wide spectrum range, including data in the infrared (IR) range
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