SARS-Cov-2 The Beta Genome Coronavirus: A Brief Overview, Pathogenesis and Treatment

Abstract

Corona Virus Disease (COVID 19) causes respiratory illness outbreak in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in December. The COVID 19 is caused by the SARS-CoV-2, it is highly infectious respiratory disease including pneumonia, cold, sneezing, and coughing while in the animal it causes diarrhea and upper respiratory diseases. Over the next few weeks, the virus spread from Wuhan to affect different provinces in China, and after a few months, it is now presenting in 109 countries and many more are included in the list with a higher number of patients. These patients having similar symptoms, but the level of infection is different from the patients. The symptoms of COVID 19 in patients mainly include initial cold, mild fever, sore throat with a dry cough, breathlessness, fatigue, malaise among others. Usually the elderly and those with comorbidity, the disease may progress to pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and multi-organ dysfunction. Most of the recently infected people are asymptomatic so it’s a very crucial challenge for the government to diagnose the patients with no symptoms but infected by this disease. The World Health Organization has declared it an International emergency which is the evidence statement that noticed every country to follow the new rules of emergency in their respective countries. Various prevention and treatment measures are followed by various countries to find a way to come out from this pandemic but still, no fully assessed treatment was found. Based on current published evidence, this review systematically summarizes the epidemiology, it’s control and prevention. We conducted a literature review of publicly available information about the pathogen and the current epidemic, causative agent, pathogenesis, and immune responses, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and management of the disease, strategies are all reviewed.