Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a coronavirus strain, and its main way to get access to the cells is via the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and causes the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). ACE2 is an important enzyme in the pathogeneses of hypertension. For the treatment of hypertension, it is commonly used angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) and angiotensin II converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs). It is clear that there is a lot of uncertainty and controversy regarding SARS-CoV-2 and its interaction with ACE2. These issues should be solved with more studies. Thus, the use of medications such as ACEIs and ARBs should be individualized and in the majority of times its' suspension is not necessary.
Highlights
The SARS-CoV-2 outbreak started at Wuhan, China and in January of 2020, World Health Organization (WHO) declared global pandemic [1]
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a coronavirus strain, and its main way to get access to the cells is via the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and causes the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARSCoV)-2 and SARS-CoV main way to get access to the cells is via the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) [13]
Summary
The SARS-CoV-2 outbreak started at Wuhan, China and in January of 2020, World Health Organization (WHO) declared global pandemic [1]. The treatment with ACEIs and ARBs has been shown that it can up-regulate ACE 2 receptor expression and it is thereby theoretically possible that pre-existing use of these drugs might predispose a person to infection with a greater viral load of SARS-Cov-2 as a result of greater ACE 2 expression [26]. Mancia G, et al published in an Italian case-control study, 6272 patients with COVID-19 were compared with 30,759 controls, in conditional logistic-regression multivariate analysis the use of ACE inhibitors or ARBs did not increase the probability of COVID-19 infection or mortality [30]. This goes against observational studies from the UK (n = 1200) and Wuhan, China (n = 1178). There is currently no effective drug for the treatment of COVID-19, and it is speculated that ACE2 spike protein-based vaccine and rhACE2 may become one of the most promising approaches, improving the prognosis of patients with this viral infection [24]
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