Sargassum hornerisuppresses PM-induced oxidative DNA damage in alveolar macrophage (AM) of allergic asthma: Relevance to PM-mediated M1/M2 AM polarization

Abstract

Abstract Particulate matter (PM) exposure causes oxidative damage to the lung by attaching to the alveolar macrophages (AM) and alveolar epithelial cells (AEC). Sargassum horneri can be a promising source to mitigate PM-induced oxidative damage. This study investigated the role of Sargassum horneri ethanol extract (SHE) against PM-induced oxidative DNA damages in allergic asthma mice. We discovered that PM triggered prolonged oxidative stress leading to lipid peroxidation in AEC and AM. PM-induced oxidative stress in AM caused the increase of CD80 +AM (M1 phenotype) and CD206 +AM (M2 phenotype) populations, especially, the number of M2-polarized AM, producing skewed AM polarization. Furthermore, we observed high expression of 8-OHdG, an oxidative DNA damage marker, in AM, the accumulation of which caused apoptotic cell death. However, SHE treatment, however, attenuated PM-induced lipid peroxidation and recovered balance of antioxidant enzymes in AEC and AM of allergic asthma mice. It resulted in the decrease of AM polarization mitigating the oxidative stress. More importantly, SHE salvaged AM from apoptotic cell death by attenuating oxidative DNA damage. Therefore, we demonstrated that SHE ameliorates oxidative DNA damage of M1- and M2-polarized AM in PM-induced allergic asthma mice in this study. This research was funded by the Ministry of Education (2019R1A6A1A10072987) and the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries, Republic of Korea (Project NO. 20172085). This research was funded by the Ministry of Education (2019R1A6A1A10072987) and the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries, Republic of Korea (Project NO. 20172085).