Abstract
Sargassum horneri is an invasive brown seaweed that grows along the shallow coastal areas of the Korean peninsula, which are potentially harmful to fisheries and natural habitats in the areas where it is accumulated. Therefore, the author attempted to evaluate the anti-inflammatory mechanism of Sargachromenol isolated from S. horneri against particulate matter (PM)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. PM is a potent inducer of respiratory diseases such as lung dysfunctions and cancers. In the present study, the anti-inflammatory properties of Sargachromenol were validated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blots, and RT-qPCR experiments. According to the results, Sargachromenol significantly downregulated the PM-induced proinflammatory cytokines, Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and Nitric Oxide (NO) secretion via blocking downstream activation of Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and MAPKs phosphorylation. Thus, Sargachromenol is a potential candidate for innovation in various fields including pharmaceuticals, cosmeceuticals, and functional food.
Highlights
Particulate matter (PM) causes various adverse respiratory problems such as decrease in lung functions and results in emergency hospital admissions or deaths [1]
The results from the Western blot in the present study revealed that Sargachromenol significantly and dose-dependently downregulated the PMinduced phosphorylation of p50 and p65 NF-κB subunits in the cytosol of the macrophage
The Western blot results in the current study revealed that Sargachromenol significantly downregulated the PM-induced phosphorylation of p38 and jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) in RAW macrophages in a similar trend with Toll-like receptor (TLR) Myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (Myd88)
Summary
Particulate matter (PM) causes various adverse respiratory problems such as decrease in lung functions and results in emergency hospital admissions or deaths [1]. In Asia, extensive arid or semiarid highlands in northern China and Mongolia are the most important origins of dust [3]. Cyclone activities, their movements, and strong cold waves in these dust-generating areas play a major role in the formation of dust storms [4]. Microbiological materials and nitrates or sulfates derived from alkaline soil are the constituents of dust particles in these areas and have the potential to cause respiratory diseases [5]. Mortality in Central and East Asian countries is increased due to respiratory cardiovascular diseases through such dust storms [6]
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