Abstract
ABSTRACTObjective:To investigate the potential value of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity as prognostic predictors in hospitalized elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction.Methods:A cross-sectional study based on data collected from elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction, admitted to a public hospital located in the Northeastern region of Brazil, from April to July 2015. The diagnosis of sarcopenia was based on muscle mass, muscle strength and physical performance measurements. Cardiovascular risk and prognostic markers, such as troponin and creatine kynase MB isoenzyme values, acute myocardial infarction classification according to ST segment elevation, and thrombolysis in myocardial infarction score were used.Results:The sample comprised 99 patients with mean age of 71.6 (±7.4) years. Prevalence of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity was 64.6% and 35.4%, respectively. Sarcopenia was more prevalent among males (p=0.017) aged >80 years (p=0.008). Thrombolysis in myocardial infarction was the only marker of cardiovascular risk significantly associated with sarcopenia (p=0.002).Conclusion:Prevalence of sarcopenia was high and associated with thrombolysis in myocardial infarction risk score. Sarcopenic obesity affected approximately one-third of patients and was not associated with any of the prognostic predictors.
Highlights
Sarcopenia is a multifactorial geriatric syndrome, defined as progressive loss of muscle mass associated with reduced muscle strength and/or physical performance
Intermediate to high TIMI scores were attributed to 76% of the study population (Table 1)
This study revealed high prevalence of sarcopenia among patients with coronary heart disease, older male patients
Summary
Sarcopenia is a multifactorial geriatric syndrome, defined as progressive loss of muscle mass associated with reduced muscle strength and/or physical performance. Metabolic and cardiovascular risks (CVR) are closely related to aging and there is a growing interest in the study of associated factors, given cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a major global cause of disability and death. Consistent associations between low muscle mass and risk of mortality have been demonstrated in some studies; potential associations between sarcopenia and CVD risk remain to be confirmed.[4,5]. Sarcopenia may promote atherogenesis due to relative fat mass increase in response to loss of muscle mass and replacement of myocytes by adipocytes.[6] sarcopenia in the presence of excess fat tissue, or sarcopenic obesity (SO), would have an even greater impact on metabolic diseases, CVD and mortality compared to obesity or sarcopenia alone.[7]
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