Abstract
Healthy aging is the individual’s possibility of maintaining the functional ability that enables well-being in older age, along with the maintenance of independence, a crucial factor for ensuring health and quality of life in older people. Loss of muscle mass, strength, and function are relevant threats to independent living and progressively occur with senescence and aging, worsening physical performance, and thus characterizing sarcopenia. Identifying sarcopenia in clinical practice is essential for the early onset of treatment minimizing its impacts and thus improving the patient’s quality of life. The purpose of this work was to conduct a literature review of the pathophysiological and molecular mechanisms underlying muscle changes during aging, highlighting the role of oxidative stress, cytokines, and inflammation, as well as strategies to prevent and treat age-related muscle alterations.
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