Abstract
Saponins extracted from Polemonium caeruleum have adjuvant activity in guinea pig intranasal immunization with trivalent influenza antigens
Highlights
Lower respiratory tract infections and pneumonia are two of the leading causes of death, accounting for more than 4 million fatalities annually
Earlier we have shown that Cyclamen europaeum tubers extract predominantly consisted of saponins with concentration commonly safely used for human rhinosinusitis treatment tested as mucosal adjuvant in experimental intranasal immunization of guinea pigs caused reciprocal GMT titers 40 (5-640) against H1N1pdm component, 43.20 (5-1280) against H3N2 component and 10.80 (5-80) against influenza B component [13]
In this research study we evaluate saponins extracted from Polemonium caeruleum as potential intranasal adjuvant for guinea pig immunization with trivalent influenza antigens to confirm saponins adjuvant features for intranasal administration and its vaccine potential
Summary
Lower respiratory tract infections and pneumonia are two of the leading causes of death, accounting for more than 4 million fatalities annually. It is a important cause of death in low- and middle-income countries. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of acute respiratory infection in children, causing almost 34 million episodes annually. In 2003, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), caused by a previously unrecognized coronavirus, rapidly spread throughout the world. Vaccines against RSV, SARS are still under development. Vaccines against Influenza are tri- or quadrivalent, inactivated with or without adjuvant or live-attenuated but both live and inactivated ones are criticized for their low efficacy [2,3]
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