Abstract
Relevance. The main causes, which cause voice disruption in teachers can be divided into biological, professional, everyday, psychological. Combinations of two or more factors are possible. Objective. To carry out an analysis of working conditions and the state of health of teachers of general educational institutions in the city of Krivoy Rog.Materials and methods. The analysis of working conditions is carried out sanitary-hygienic method. The state of health of teachers is investigated by a clinical method. Results. The working conditions of teachers are characterized as tense and heavy, and in terms of labor intensity indicators belong to class 3.3, microclimate and equivalent noise level to class 3.1. Chronic catarrhal laryngitis is 131,00±15,07 cases, hypertrophic laryngitis – 190,20±22,61 cases. The critical work experience under the conditions of the impact of the voice load is 10-19 years, accounting for 60 % of cases of professional laryngitis. Conclusions. Analysis of working conditions, the duration of the voice load and the levels of the pathology of the vocal apparatus open up prospects for determining the risk of developing professional laryngitis in teachers and developing modern methods of treatment and prevention.
Highlights
ÐÅÇÓËÜÒÀÒÈ ÒÀÕ ÎÁÃÎÂÎÐÅÍÍßÎñíîâíèìè íàïðÿìàìè ä3ÿëüíîñò â÷èòåëÿ o: íàâ÷àííÿ 3 âèõîâàííÿ ó÷í3â ç óðàõóâàííÿì ñïåöèô3êè íàâ÷àëüíîãî ïðåäìåòà 3 â3êó øêîëÿð3â; ñòèìóëþâàííÿ ñîö3àë3çàö3¿ ó÷í3â, ôîðìóâàííÿ ó íèõ çàãàëüíî¿ êóëüòóðè çàáåçïå÷åííÿ ñâ3äîìîãî âèáîðó íèìè ïðîôåñ3¿ òà ôîðìóâàííÿ ãîòîâíîñò äî ôóíêö3îíóâàííÿ â ðèíêîâèõ óìîâàõ; çàáåçïå÷åííÿ äîòðèìàííÿ íîðì 3 ïðàâèë òåõí3êè áåçïåêè â íàâ÷àëüíîìó çàêëàä.
Ïàðàìåòðè ì3êðîêë3ìàòó íà ðîáî÷îìó ì3ñö â÷èòåëÿ, ÿê â òåïëèé, òàê 3 â õîëîäíèé ïåð3îä ðîêó, çíà÷íî âàð3þþòü, ùî ïîâ’ÿçàíî ç ðîçòàøóâàííÿì êàá3íåòó (ïîâåðõ, êóòîâèé êàá3íåò, ðîçòàøóâàííÿ â3êîí), íàÿâí3ñòþ àáî â3äñóòí3ñòþ öåíòðàë3çîâàíîãî îïàëåííÿ, òà â3äíîñÿòüñÿ äî 1 ñòóïåíþ 3 êëàñó øê3äëèâîãî.
Ï3ä ÷àñ íàïèñàííÿ ìàòåð3àëó íà äîøö òà ï3ä ÷àñ âèòèðàííÿ äîøêè ñóõîþ ãàí÷3ðêîþ ó ïîâ3òð ðîáî÷î¿ çîíè â÷èòåëÿ ìîæå óòâîðþâàòèñü õìàðà ïèëó ç âì3ñòîì êàëüö3þ êàðáîíàòó, ÿêèé o ñêëàäîâîþ ÷àñòèíîþ øê3ëüíî¿ êðåéäè, ó êîíöåíòðàö3¿ 0,012-0,068 ìã/ì3 3ç ñåðåäí3ì çíà÷åííÿì 0,03±0,00 ìã/ì3 ïðè íîðìàòèâíîìó 0,05 ìã/ì3, ùî â3äíîñèòüñÿ äî 2 êëàñó äîïóñòèìîãî
Summary
Îñíîâíèìè íàïðÿìàìè ä3ÿëüíîñò â÷èòåëÿ o: íàâ÷àííÿ 3 âèõîâàííÿ ó÷í3â ç óðàõóâàííÿì ñïåöèô3êè íàâ÷àëüíîãî ïðåäìåòà 3 â3êó øêîëÿð3â; ñòèìóëþâàííÿ ñîö3àë3çàö3¿ ó÷í3â, ôîðìóâàííÿ ó íèõ çàãàëüíî¿ êóëüòóðè çàáåçïå÷åííÿ ñâ3äîìîãî âèáîðó íèìè ïðîôåñ3¿ òà ôîðìóâàííÿ ãîòîâíîñò äî ôóíêö3îíóâàííÿ â ðèíêîâèõ óìîâàõ; çàáåçïå÷åííÿ äîòðèìàííÿ íîðì 3 ïðàâèë òåõí3êè áåçïåêè â íàâ÷àëüíîìó çàêëàä. Ïàðàìåòðè ì3êðîêë3ìàòó íà ðîáî÷îìó ì3ñö â÷èòåëÿ, ÿê â òåïëèé, òàê 3 â õîëîäíèé ïåð3îä ðîêó, çíà÷íî âàð3þþòü, ùî ïîâ’ÿçàíî ç ðîçòàøóâàííÿì êàá3íåòó (ïîâåðõ, êóòîâèé êàá3íåò, ðîçòàøóâàííÿ â3êîí), íàÿâí3ñòþ àáî â3äñóòí3ñòþ öåíòðàë3çîâàíîãî îïàëåííÿ, òà â3äíîñÿòüñÿ äî 1 ñòóïåíþ 3 êëàñó øê3äëèâîãî. Ï3ä ÷àñ íàïèñàííÿ ìàòåð3àëó íà äîøö òà ï3ä ÷àñ âèòèðàííÿ äîøêè ñóõîþ ãàí÷3ðêîþ ó ïîâ3òð ðîáî÷î¿ çîíè â÷èòåëÿ ìîæå óòâîðþâàòèñü õìàðà ïèëó ç âì3ñòîì êàëüö3þ êàðáîíàòó, ÿêèé o ñêëàäîâîþ ÷àñòèíîþ øê3ëüíî¿ êðåéäè, ó êîíöåíòðàö3¿ 0,012-0,068 ìã/ì3 3ç ñåðåäí3ì çíà÷åííÿì 0,03±0,00 ìã/ì3 ïðè íîðìàòèâíîìó 0,05 ìã/ì3, ùî â3äíîñèòüñÿ äî 2 êëàñó äîïóñòèìîãî Åêâ3âàëåíòíèé ð3âåíü øóìó íà ðîáî÷îìó ì3ñö â÷èòåëÿ íàóêîâî-ïðèðîäíè÷îãî ë3öåþ ïåðåâèùóo äîïóñòèìèé ð3âåíü íà 35 äÁÀ, ùî, çã3äíî íàêàçó 1 248 â3ä 08.04.2014 ÄÑÍòàÏ, â3äíîñèòüñÿ äî 1 ñòóïåíþ 3 êëàñó øê3äëèâîãî. Ïðè àíàë3ç3 ñòðóêòóðè çàõâîðþâàíîñò ãîëîñîâîãî àïàðàòó â÷èòåë3â âñòàíîâëåíî, ùî âñüîãî ç3 ñêàðãàìè íà ïðîáëåìè ãîëîñîâîãî àïàðàòó äî ë3êàðÿ ôîí3àòîðà çâåðíóëîñü 4837,60±424,69 îñ3á, ç íèõ çà
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