Abstract
The occurrence of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in the municipalities of Jaboti, Japira, Pinhalão, and Tomazina in the North Pioneer of the State of Paraná, where this disease is endemic, prompted the investigation of sandfly fauna, their population changes throughout the year, and their behavior in and around human accommodation. In these municipalities, the collection of sandflies was conducted using Falcão traps from 7 pm to 6 am once a month. 32,994 sandflies, 18,442 males and 14,552 females, were collected and represented by the species Brumptomyia brumpti, Brumptomyia cunhai, Evandromyia correalimai, Evandromyia cortelezzii, Expapillata firmatoi, Micropygomyia ferreirana, Migonemyia migonei, Nyssomyia neivai, Nyssomyia whitmani, Pintomyia fischeri, Pintomyia monticola, Pintomyia pessoai, and Psathyromyia bigeniculata. Ny. neivai (SISA = 0.9808) predominated in Japira (46.9%), Pinhalão (53.1%), and Tomazina (38.9%), while Ny. whitmani (SISA = 0.9423) predominated in Jaboti (53.8%). Most sandflies were captured in domestic animal shelters, with a peak in September. The high number of sandflies collected in domestic animal shelters, species richness, and presence of species involved in the epidemiology of CL reveal the need for permanent entomological surveillance in the municipalities mentioned. The use of phlebotomine control measures in these municipalities should be considered in conjunction with the anthropogenic actions that have resulted in changes to sandfly fauna and behavior.
Highlights
The occurrence of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in the municipalities of Jaboti, Japira, Pinhalão, and Tomazina in the North Pioneer of the State of Paraná, where this disease is endemic, prompted the investigation of sandfly fauna, their population changes throughout the year, and their behavior in and around human accommodation
The diversity of environments and anthropic changes should be considered when it comes to adopting control measures for these insects, as the endemic areas of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) are distinct and require measures according to the characteristics of each area (Teodoro et al, 2010)
The precarious hygiene conditions and proximity to shelters for domestic animals in human habitations next to modified residual forests, resulting from the colonization of the North Pioneer of Paraná and persisting until today, allow the cycle between wild mammals and sandflies to continue in the peridomicile, where there is great availability of food (Teodoro et al, 2001a, 2001b; Lima et al, 2002)
Summary
The occurrence of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in the municipalities of Jaboti, Japira, Pinhalão, and Tomazina in the North Pioneer of the State of Paraná, where this disease is endemic, prompted the investigation of sandfly fauna, their population changes throughout the year, and their behavior in and around human accommodation. Several studies have been conducted regarding the distribution of sandflies in Paraná (Membrive et al, 2004; Silva et al, 2008; Teodoro et al, 2010), but there remain many municipalities, including Jaboti, Japira, Pinhalão, and Tomazina, that have not been fully investigated regarding the composition of the sandfly fauna and the frequency of occurrence of these insects in human habitations and domestic animal shelters throughout the year.
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