Abstract
The salinity is considered one of the main obstacles to agriculture worldwide, constituting one of the limiting factors to the growth and development of the plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of salinity of irrigation water in the formation of seedlings two varieties of jackfruits, and with the application of common bovine biofertilizer and chemically enriched bovine biofertilizers. In this sense, an experimente was carried in greenhouse conditions, in the period from October 2015 to February 2016, in Areia County, Paraiba State, Brazil. The substrate used was a material collected of the first 10 cm of depth of a Dystrophic Regolitic Entisol. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial scheme 5 × 3 × 2, corresponding to levels of irrigation water saline of 0.5; 1.0; 2.0; 3.0 and 4.0 dS m-1, in soil without and with common bovine biofertilizer and enriched biofertilizer, tested with two varieties of jackfruit (jack-soft and jack-hard), and with six replicates. The biofertilizer after dilution in non-saline water (0.5 dS m-1), in proportion of 1:3, where was applied once to 10% of the substrate volume, two days before sowing. The increment of irrigation water salinity inhibited alls variables studied in the jackfruits plants, but with less intensity in the treatments with bovine common biofertilizer.
Highlights
The jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) is a tree of the family Moraceae, originating from India, present in all the tropical regions of the world and, is considered as an exotic and spontaneous species (Lorenzi et al, 2006; Santos et al, 2012). It was introduced in Brazil in the middle of the 17th century and by its expressiveness, is widely cultivated in domestic orchards of all the tropical regions of the country with great popularity and consumption (Chooklin et al, 2014)
The stem diameter, diameter main root and root length of the jackfruit seedling were higher in the substrates with biofertilizers
The statistical superiority of all the variables studied indicates a positive action of the biofertilizers in reducing the saline effects of the irrigation water to the plants
Summary
The jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) is a tree of the family Moraceae, originating from India, present in all the tropical regions of the world and, is considered as an exotic and spontaneous species (Lorenzi et al, 2006; Santos et al, 2012). It was introduced in Brazil in the middle of the 17th century and by its expressiveness, is widely cultivated in domestic orchards of all the tropical regions of the country with great popularity and consumption (Chooklin et al, 2014). Especially in arid and semi-arid regions, where water scarcity has become a preponderant factor, the production of seedlings is performed using groundwater, which in most cases contains high concentrations of soluble salts, impairing the germination and growth of the same (Oliveira et al, 2018, p. 625)
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