Salts of quaternary ammonium bases obtained from naphthenic acids

Abstract

AMONG the salts of quaternary ammonium bases many valuable, cationic type surface-active substances are known. Interest in this important class of compounds is increasing in view of the fact that they combine bactericidal, fungicidal, wetting, foam-forming, anti-corrosive and anti-static properties and properties rendering materials water repellant. Quaternary ammonium salts obtained from naphthenic acid, compared with salts of the aliphatic and aromatic series, have been studied insufficiently, although it is known that they are active substances. Effective bactericides were obtained by treatment with sodium naphthenate solutions of different water-soluble tetra-substituted ammonium chlorides. Among these are Cs-CI8 (alkylbenzyl)-trimethylammonium naphthenates and Cg-CIS (alkyltolylmethyl)-trimethylammonium naphthenates, etc. [1, 2]. A poly-funetional additive used with different fuels was described in a British patent [3], which represented tetra-alkyl substituted ammonium naphthenate. The acyl radical of naphthenic acid contains 10 to 30 carbon atoms in this compound. The additive is used in the fuel in proportions of 0.4 to 90 kg per 120 tons fuel. I t has anti-static properties, reduces 5-10 times the amount of residues formed during storage of distilled fuels, has deemulsifying properties and reduces deposition in fuel systems.