Abstract
Modification of cotton fabric with 2-methacryloyloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC) was achieved through free-radical initiated graft polymerization with K2S2O8/NaHSO3 as the initiator. Grafting of DMC was confirmed by ATR-IR of the modified cotton. The optimal grafting reaction conditions, including DMC dosage, mole ratio of initiator to DMC, temperature, and time, were determined by cation content and dye fixation results of the modified cotton. The modified fibers were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and whiteness measurement. Salt-free dyeing of the modified cotton with commonly used C. I. Reactive Blue 19, C. I. Reactive Yellow 145, and C. I. Reactive Red 195 presented high fixation of 96.8%, 98.7%, and 97.3%, respectively. These results indicated that the modification is effective for changing the surface charge of the fiber and increasing the dye-fiber reactivity. The color fastness and strength property were still very satisfactory. With excellent properties, this dyeing method shows promise in real application for eliminating the usage of salt and reducing environmental pollution.
Highlights
Cotton fiber is one of the most popular natural fiber because of its softness, hygroscopicity, air permeability, and abrasion resistance performance [1,2,3]
Utilization of reactive dyes in dyeing is only 50–80%, large amounts of hydrolyzed dyes are released and cannot be reused, which is a great waste; 30–100 g/L sodium sulphate or sodium chloride needs to be added in dye-bath to promote dye adsorption on cotton, the salt is not consumed during dyeing and discharged as waste after dyeing [1]
Researchers found that cotton modification can modification agents, such as glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride (GTA), 3-chloro-2not only change the surface charge of the fibers from negative to positive to promote dye adsorption, it hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (CHPTAC), polyepichlorohydrin-dimethylamine increases the reactivity of the fibers to achieve high dye fixation
Summary
Cotton fiber is one of the most popular natural fiber because of its softness, hygroscopicity, air permeability, and abrasion resistance performance [1,2,3]. Researchers found that cotton modification can modification agents, such as glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride (GTA), 3-chloro-2not only change the surface charge of the fibers from negative to positive to promote dye adsorption, it hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (CHPTAC), polyepichlorohydrin-dimethylamine increases the reactivity of the fibers to achieve high dye fixation [13]. Polymerization showsfor an achieving advantagehigh in that one degree and promoting dye adsorption This the high meritcationic of not making grafting site can introduce more cationic effectively. Achievedgraft highpolymerization dye fixation without usage monomer of inorganic salt.cotton It was that the fabrics ion-initiated of cationic onto fabrics, andfound achieved high dye turned without a little yellow after graft polymerization due to thethe orange of the initiator—. The reaction and side reaction are shown in Figure of DMC onto cotton
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