Abstract

Inspired by biological ion channels, many artificial nanopores are fabricated for regulating ion transport based on functionality of discriminating ion types. It is expected that the transport of ions in these nanopores is influenced by their physicochemical nature such as their geometry and the conditions of the liquid phase such as the salt concentration. Taking account of possible presence of electroosmotic flow, these influences are investigated comprehensively in this work. Three types of salt are considered: KCl, NaCl, and LiCl. Several interesting behaviors are observed, and the associated mechanisms are discussed in detail. For example, if the bulk salt concentration is low and the cone angle is sufficiently small, then the rectification ratio of the salts examined ranks as LiCl > NaCl > KCl. However, this trend could be reversed at a larger applied voltage bias if the bulk salt concentration is sufficiently high or the cone angle is sufficiently large. This can be attributed to the fact that the ...

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