Salmonella spp. in pigs: an update on diagnostics and control

Abstract

Salmonella spp. is an important topic for both human and animal health, particularly Salmonella enterica ser. Typhimurium including its monophasic strains. Salmonella is an increasing problem on pig farms and the bacteria are transmitted through breeding pyramids, and can spread rapidly due to the high number of subclinical cases. Therefore, diagnosis on farm is extremely important, ensuring sampling from all areas of the unit to gain the overall infection picture. Modern diagnostic techniques allow differentiation between field and vaccine strains which is extremely important when implementing a vaccination programme on the farm. Vaccination accompanied by hygiene and biosecurity measures make up the three pillars of Salmonella spp. control, each of which should be given equal attention. Vaccination has been shown to be very effective in reducing environmental pressure and therefore prevalence and clinical signs due to S. enterica ser. Typhimurium. Vaccination forms part of successful Salmonella spp. control, although it is important to remember that Salmonella spp. control requires a long-term approach using a combination of interventions and avoiding the long-term use of antimicrobial treatment.